Kidney Cancer
Kidney Cancer
Kidney cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the kidneys, forming tumors. The kidneys, two bean-shaped organs located on either side of the spine, play a vital role in filtering waste and maintaining fluid balance in the body. Among adults, the most common type of kidney cancer is renal cell carcinoma, while Wilms’ tumor is more prevalent in children. Advancements in imaging technologies have improved the early detection of kidney cancer, often discovering it in its initial stages when it is still confined to the kidney.
Symptoms of Kidney Cancer
In its early stages, kidney cancer often does not present noticeable symptoms. As the disease progresses, the following signs may appear:
- Blood in the urine (may appear pink, red, or cola-colored).
- Persistent pain in the back or side that does not subside.
- Unexplained weight loss and loss of appetite.
- Fatigue and feelings of weakness.
- Recurring or unexplained fever.
Causes of Kidney Cancer
Kidney cancer arises when mutations occur in the DNA of kidney cells, causing them to grow uncontrollably and form tumors. The exact cause of these mutations is not always clear, but several factors may contribute:
- Genetic Mutations: Alterations in DNA can trigger abnormal cell growth.
- Tobacco Use: Smoking significantly increases the risk of kidney cancer.
- Obesity: Excess body weight can alter hormones, affecting kidney function.
- Hypertension: High blood pressure is linked to a higher risk of kidney cancer.
- Family History: A close relative with kidney cancer increases risk.
- Environmental Exposures: Prolonged contact with harmful substances, like asbestos or cadmium, may contribute to the disease.