Lymphoma
Lymphoma: Overview
Lymphoma is a type of cancer that begins in the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system. It occurs when lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, grow uncontrollably and form tumors in the lymph nodes, spleen, or other tissues.
Types of Lymphoma
Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL)
Characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, HL is highly treatable, especially when detected early.Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)
A diverse group of lymphomas that vary in growth rate and aggressiveness, commonly affecting adults.
Symptoms of Lymphoma
- Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpit, or groin
- Persistent fatigue
- Fever and night sweats
- Unexplained weight loss
- Itchy skin
- Shortness of breath or chest pain
Diagnosis
Lymphoma is diagnosed using:
- Physical Exam: Checking for swollen lymph nodes or spleen.
- Biopsy: Examining lymph node tissue for cancer cells.
- Imaging Tests: CT, MRI, or PET scans to assess the spread.
- Blood Tests: Evaluating overall health and organ function.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the type and stage of lymphoma:
- Chemotherapy: The primary treatment for most lymphomas.
- Radiation Therapy: Targets and destroys cancer in specific areas.
- Targeted Therapy: Uses drugs to focus on specific cancer cell markers.
- Immunotherapy: Enhances the immune system to fight cancer.
- Stem Cell Transplant: Replaces damaged bone marrow with healthy cells after high-dose chemotherapy.
Conclusion
Lymphoma is a manageable and often treatable condition with early intervention. Regular check-ups, awareness of symptoms, and timely medical care are crucial for effective treatment. Patients can lead fulfilling lives with the right therapy and support.